1 сезон, 4 серия. The One with George Stephanopoulos: Did you…?, was / were, I mean
Фиби не выспалась, парни ведут грустного Росса на хоккей, а Рейчел получает первую зарплату — и к ней в кафе заходят школьные подруги. Тема урока — вопросы и отрицания в прошлом с did.
1
Первая зарплата
Did + кто + глагол в 1-й форме? → Did you sleep? | кто + didn't + глагол → I didn't sleep · 3 сцены
Спрашивать о прошлом: Did you sleep? Did you work yesterday?
Говорить, чего не было: I didn't sleep, she didn't tell us
Коротко отвечать: Yes, I did / No, I didn't
Помнить: после did глагол в первой форме — did you work, а не did you worked
Говорить, где и каким вы были: I was at home, we were tired
Выбирать was или were: I / he / she / it was, you / we / they were
Фрагменты
Урок 1. Сонная Фиби
It's okay, you know. You just nodded off again.Всё в порядке. Ты просто опять задремала.
PhoebeI got no sleep last night.Я прошлой ночью совсем не спала.
Урок 2. Звонок из банка
RossBut now that you mention it, there was ice there that night.Но раз уж ты заговорил — да, в ту ночь там был лёд.
RossIt was the first frost. We were...Это были первые заморозки. Мы были…
Урок 3. Признание Росса
I mean, that guy with the toe thing?То есть вон тот парень с пальцем на ноге?
You know, I feel like I've lost her.Знаете, мне кажется, я её потерял.
RossLook, it's just a little more complicated.Слушайте, всё просто немного сложнее.
Слова и фразы
last night
прошлой ночью, вчера вечером
nod off
задремать, клевать носом
work at (a place)
работать в (каком-то месте)
get a paycheck
получить зарплату (чек)
tell sb about sth
рассказать кому-то о чём-то
Did you have a good weekend?
Хорошо провёл(а) выходные?
take your mind off sth
отвлечь от мыслей о чём-то
not worth it
не стоит того
I can't believe it.
Не могу поверить!
there was / there were
там был(о) / там были
Ещё 18 слов
get promoted
получить повышение
give up sth
отказаться от чего-то, бросить
be right
быть правым
have a plan
иметь план
be at home
быть дома
wait your turn
ждать своей очереди
figure sth out
разобраться, продумать
be born
родиться
I mean
то есть, я имею в виду
you know
знаешь, понимаешь
Come on!
Да ладно! Ну же!
let me see
дай(те) подумать
kind of
вроде как, немного
to be honest
честно говоря
have fun
весело провести время
give sth back
вернуть, отдать обратно
be a big mistake
быть большой ошибкой
the thing is
дело в том, что
Грамматика
Did + кто + глагол в 1-й форме? → Did you sleep? | кто + didn't + глагол → I didn't sleepурок 1
В утверждении о прошлом глагол сам меняет форму: you nodded off, I got, I slept. А для вопроса и отрицания в прошлом есть помощник did — один для всех: I, you, he, she, we, they.
Did you sleep well last night? — Ты хорошо спал прошлой ночью?
I didn't sleep last night. — Я не спала прошлой ночью.
Did Phoebe nod off again? — Yes, she did. — Фиби опять задремала? — Да.
Did you slept? → Did you sleep? после did — первая форма глагола
I not slept last night. → I didn't sleep last night. отрицание в прошлом — didn't + глагол
Did + кто + глагол? → Did you work in a mine? — Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.урок 1
В живой речи герои часто спрашивают одной интонацией: You worked in a mine? — так говорят, когда удивлены и переспрашивают. Обычный вопрос о прошлом строится с did: Did you work in a mine?
Did you work in a mine? — No, I didn't. — Ты работала в шахте? — Нет.
Did they have an extra ticket? — Yes, they did. — У них был лишний билет? — Да.
Did Rachel get her first paycheck? — Yes, she did. — Рейчел получила первую зарплату? — Да.
Did you worked in a mine? → Did you work in a mine? после did — первая форма: work
You did have a ticket? → Did you have a ticket? в вопросе did ставим в начало
кто + didn't + глагол в 1-й форме: your mom didn't tell usурок 1
Отрицание в прошлом — didn't (полностью did not) + глагол в первой форме. Оно одно для всех: I didn't, you didn't, she didn't, they didn't.
She didn't tell me about her new job. — Она не рассказала мне о своей новой работе.
I didn't go home after the wedding. — После свадьбы я не поехала домой.
Ross didn't enjoy the hockey game. — Россу не понравился хоккей.
She didn't told us. → She didn't tell us. после didn't — первая форма
She doesn't tell us yesterday. → She didn't tell us yesterday. о прошлом — didn't, а не doesn't
I / he / she / it + was; you / we / they + wereурок 2
Was и were — прошедшее время глагола to be (am, is, are). Им говорят, каким, где или кем кто-то был: It was cold. We were at home. I was a student.
It was cold that night. — В ту ночь было холодно.
We were at the hockey game. — Мы были на хоккее.
Rachel was tired after work. — Рейчел устала после работы.
We was at home. → We were at home. we → were
I were tired. → I was tired. I → was
сейчас: is / are → раньше: was / were (it is clear → it was clear)урок 2
Was и were — пара к is и are. Меняя is на was, вы переносите фразу в прошлое: It is a plan → It was a plan. Рейчел так и говорит: тогда всё было ясно (was), а теперь всё запутано (is).
My life was easy. Now it is hard. — Моя жизнь была лёгкой. Теперь она трудная.
The party was fun. — Вечеринка была весёлой.
Rachel and Barry were engaged. — Рейчел и Барри были помолвлены.
Yesterday I am tired. → Yesterday I was tired. о прошлом — was
Yesterday I tired. → Yesterday I was tired. без was в предложении нет глагола
Вопрос: Was / Were + кто + …? Отрицание: wasn't / weren'tурок 2
Вопрос с was и were строится без did: was или were просто встаёт в начало. He was small → Was he small? You were at home → Were you at home?
Was it your pizza? — No, it wasn't. — Это была ваша пицца? — Нет.
Were you at home last night? — Yes, I was. — Ты был дома вчера вечером? — Да.
The girls weren't tired. — Девушки не устали.
Did you were at home? → Were you at home? с was / were did не нужен
I didn't was tired. → I wasn't tired. отрицание — wasn't